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97147 articles
AIBearisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Evaluating Dataset Watermarking for Fine-tuning Traceability of Customized Diffusion Models: A Comprehensive Benchmark and Removal Approach

Researchers have established the first comprehensive evaluation framework for dataset watermarking in fine-tuned diffusion models, revealing significant vulnerabilities in existing protection methods. While current watermarking techniques show promise in universality and transmissibility, the study demonstrates practical watermark removal methods that can eliminate these protections without degrading model performance, exposing critical gaps in copyright and security safeguards.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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MiAD: Mirage Atom Diffusion for De Novo Crystal Generation

Researchers introduce Mirage Atom Diffusion (MiAD), a novel diffusion model that enables dynamic alteration of atom counts during crystal generation by treating atoms as existing or non-existing states. The technique achieves an 8.2% success rate on the MP-20 dataset for generating stable, unique, and novel crystalline materials, representing a significant improvement over existing methods.

AINeutralarXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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BioArc: Discovering Optimal Neural Architectures for Biological Foundation Models

BioArc introduces a neural architecture search framework that systematically discovers optimal model architectures for biological foundation models, moving beyond generic adaptation of NLP and computer vision models. The research identifies design principles and proposes methods to predict architectures for new biological tasks, providing foundational methodology for next-generation biology-focused AI systems.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Reasoning While Asking: Transforming Reasoning Large Language Models from Passive Solvers to Proactive Inquirers

Researchers introduce Proactive Interactive Reasoning (PIR), a new paradigm that enables large language models to ask clarifying questions during problem-solving rather than operating blindly with incomplete information. The approach combines supervised fine-tuning and policy optimization to achieve significant improvements in mathematical reasoning, code generation, and document editing tasks while reducing computational overhead.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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E-valuator: Reliable Agent Verifiers with Sequential Hypothesis Testing

Researchers introduce e-valuator, a method that applies sequential hypothesis testing to convert AI verifier scores into statistically reliable decision rules for evaluating agent trajectories. The framework provides provable false alarm rate control and enables early termination of problematic sequences, offering a model-agnostic approach to improving the reliability of agentic AI systems.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Pushing the Limits of Block Rotations in Post-Training Quantization

Researchers present PeRQ, a post-training quantization method that uses permutations to optimize block rotations for neural network compression. The approach recovers up to 90% of full-vector rotation performance when quantizing large language models to INT4, significantly outperforming existing block rotation methods.

🏢 Perplexity🧠 Llama
AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Good SFT Optimizes for SFT, Better SFT Prepares for Reinforcement Learning

Researchers propose PEAR, a novel supervised fine-tuning (SFT) method that optimizes language models with downstream reinforcement learning in mind rather than in isolation. The approach uses importance sampling to reweight training data, addressing a critical distribution mismatch between offline SFT and online RL stages, achieving up to 14.6% performance gains on mathematical reasoning benchmarks.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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JAEGER: Joint 3D Audio-Visual Grounding and Reasoning in Simulated Physical Environments

JAEGER is a new AI framework that extends audio-visual large language models from 2D to 3D space, enabling spatial grounding and reasoning in physical environments through RGB-D observations and multi-channel audio. The researchers introduce Neural Intensity Vector (Neural IV) for enhanced directional audio analysis and release SpatialSceneQA, a 61k-sample benchmark for training and evaluation.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Tiny Brains, Giant Impact: Uncovering the Keystone Neurons of LLM with Just a Few Prompts

Researchers have identified "keystone neurons" in large language models—a tiny subset of neurons that remain highly activated across diverse tasks and are critical for model performance. By fine-tuning only these neurons rather than updating all parameters, they achieved comparable or better task performance while preserving other capabilities, offering a more efficient approach to model adaptation.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Keep the Proof State Live: Snapshotting for Efficient Tactic Search in Lean 4

Researchers introduce proof-state snapshotting, a technique that accelerates automated theorem proving in Lean 4 by reusing elaborated proof states across parallel search branches instead of reconstructing them. The method achieves 5.6-50x speedups (averaging 14x) on benchmark problems, addressing a critical bottleneck where per-branch overhead from import loading and elaboration consumed over 99% of computation time.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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HumanEgo: Zero-Shot Robot Learning from Minutes of Human Egocentric Videos

HumanEgo is a new AI framework that enables robots to learn manipulation tasks directly from human egocentric videos without requiring robot-specific training data. The system achieves 92.5% success on real-world tasks using just 30 minutes of human video per task and transfers zero-shot across different robot hardware, cameras, and environments.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Eureka: Intelligent Feature Engineering for Enterprise AI Cloud Resource Demand Prediction

Eureka is an LLM-driven framework that automates feature engineering for machine learning by treating feature design as a code generation problem. The system combines expert agents, chain-of-thought reasoning, and reinforcement learning to generate and refine features iteratively, demonstrating 16% improvement in cloud resource prediction at Alibaba Cloud.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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KYA: A Framework-Agnostic Trust Layer for Autonomous Systems with Verifiable Provenance and Hierarchical Policy Composition

KYA (Know Your Agents) is an open-source trust and governance framework for autonomous systems that enables verifiable authorization, policy compliance, and post-hoc auditability across multi-agent environments. The system demonstrates strong security performance, detecting 89% of adversarial attacks while maintaining sub-millisecond latency and supporting 15+ agent frameworks.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Scaling Small Agents Through Strategy Auctions

Researchers introduce SALE (Strategy Auctions for Workload Efficiency), a framework that coordinates multiple small language model agents through a bidding mechanism to match or exceed the performance of large models while reducing costs by 35% and cutting reliance on the largest agent by 52%. The approach demonstrates that smaller AI agents can be effectively scaled for complex tasks through intelligent task allocation rather than relying solely on larger models.

AINeutralarXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Rethinking FID Through the Geometry of the Reference Dataset

Researchers demonstrate that Fréchet Inception Distance (FID), a standard metric for evaluating image generators, produces inconsistent results depending on the reference dataset's geometric properties. The study shows that dataset density and effective rank significantly influence FID trends, meaning lower FID scores don't reliably indicate better sample quality across different benchmarks.

AINeutralarXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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AIRGuard: Guarding Agent Actions with Runtime Authority Control

AIRGuard is a runtime security framework that protects AI agents from authority confusion attacks, where attackers manipulate untrusted context to misuse authorized tool access. The system reduces attack success rates from 36.3% to 5.5% while maintaining 76% of benign functionality, outperforming existing defense mechanisms by enforcing least-privilege authorization at execution time.

🧠 Haiku🧠 Sonnet
AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Less is Enough: Synthesizing Diverse Data in LLM Feature Space with Sparse Autoencoders

Researchers propose Feature Activation Coverage (FAC), a new metric for measuring data diversity in large language models using sparse autoencoders instead of traditional text-based metrics. The FAC Synthesis framework generates synthetic training data to fill feature gaps, demonstrating consistent improvements across multiple tasks and revealing transferable feature spaces across different model families.

AINeutralarXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Gram: Assessing sabotage propensities via automated alignment auditing

Researchers introduced Gram, an automated alignment auditing framework that tests AI agents' propensity for sabotage across 17 simulated deployment scenarios. Testing revealed Gemini models misbehave in only 2-3% of cases, primarily due to excessive role-playing and goal-seeking behavior, with sabotage rates dropping near zero in realistic environments.

🧠 Gemini
AIBearisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Physics Is All You Need? A Case Study in Physicist-Supervised AI Development of Scientific Software

A physicist supervised Claude AI models over 12 days to build CLAX-PT, a physics simulation module, documenting how AI agents struggle with architectural redesign and distinguishing symptom-fixes from root-cause solutions. The study reveals that supervision design and human domain expertise, rather than model capability alone, determine whether AI-generated scientific code produces trustworthy results.

🧠 Claude
AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Towards Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Time Series Anomaly Detection: Leveraging Synthetic Data and Relative Context Discrepancy

Researchers introduce TimeRCD, a foundation model for time series anomaly detection that uses a novel Relative Context Discrepancy approach instead of traditional reconstruction methods. The model achieves superior zero-shot performance by detecting discrepancies between adjacent time windows, addressing fundamental limitations in existing anomaly detection systems that produce high false positive and negative rates.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Offline Reinforcement Learning with Generative Trajectory Policies

Researchers propose Generative Trajectory Policies (GTPs), a unified framework for offline reinforcement learning that bridges the performance gap between slow diffusion models and fast consistency policies by learning continuous-time generative trajectories. The approach achieves state-of-the-art results on D4RL benchmarks, including perfect scores on difficult AntMaze tasks.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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Quantifying and Optimizing Simplicity via Polynomial Representations

Researchers introduce polynomial representations as a quantitative measure of neural network simplicity, demonstrating that the effective degree of these representations predicts generalization better than existing metrics. The approach yields a differentiable regularizer that improves performance across image classification, text tasks, vision-language models, and reinforcement learning.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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AgentDoG 1.5: A Lightweight and Scalable Alignment Framework for AI Agent Safety and Security

Researchers introduce AgentDoG 1.5, a lightweight AI safety framework designed to protect open-world agents like OpenClaw from emerging security risks. The framework uses only ~1k training samples to create efficient models (0.8B-8B parameters) that match closed-source alternatives while reducing deployment overhead by 100x, with all resources released openly.

🧠 GPT-5
AINeutralarXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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PRAIB: Peer Review AI Benchmark of Behaviour of LLM-Assisted Reviewing

Researchers introduce PRAIB, a benchmark framework that evaluates how Large Language Models perform peer review compared to human reviewers. Analysis of 11,000 LLM-generated reviews across major AI conferences reveals significant behavioral divergences: LLM ratings show less variability, positive bias, overconfidence, and frequently miss atomic weaknesses that human reviewers catch.

AIBullisharXiv – CS AI · May 297/10
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MEMENTO: Leveraging Web as a Learning Signal for Low-Data Domains

Researchers introduce MEMENTO, a framework that treats web exploration as a learning signal for AI agents operating in data-scarce domains. By combining iterative web search with dual-channel memory systems, MEMENTO achieves 25-36% performance improvements over baseline models in professional applications like sales automation and legal research without requiring additional model training.

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