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Atomicity for Agents: Exposing, Exploiting, and Mitigating TOCTOU Vulnerabilities in Browser-Use Agents

arXiv – CS AI|Linxi Jiang, Zhijie Liu, Haotian Luo, Zhiqiang Lin||1 views
🤖AI Summary

Researchers identified widespread TOCTOU (time of check to time of use) vulnerabilities in browser-use agents, where web pages change between planning and execution phases, potentially causing unintended actions. A study of 10 popular open-source agents revealed these security flaws are common, prompting development of a lightweight mitigation strategy based on pre-execution validation.

Key Takeaways
  • Browser-use agents suffer from TOCTOU vulnerabilities when web pages change between planning and action execution phases
  • Large-scale study of 10 popular open-source agents shows these security vulnerabilities are widespread across the ecosystem
  • Dynamic or adversarial web content can exploit these timing windows to induce unintended agent behaviors
  • Researchers developed a lightweight mitigation using DOM and layout monitoring with pre-execution validation
  • The vulnerability affects both structured DOM-based agents and vision-language model agents operating on screenshots
Read Original →via arXiv – CS AI
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