Representational Collapse in Multi-Agent LLM Committees: Measurement and Diversity-Aware Consensus

Research reveals that multi-agent LLM committees suffer from 'representational collapse' where agents produce highly similar outputs despite different role prompts, with mean cosine similarity of 0.888. A new diversity-aware consensus protocol (DALC) improves accuracy to 87% while reducing token costs by 26% compared to traditional self-consistency methods.