DeepFAN, a transformer-based deep learning model for human-artificial intelligence collaborative assessment of incidental pulmonary nodules in CT scans: a multi-reader, multi-case trial

DeepFAN, a transformer-based AI model, achieved 93.9% diagnostic accuracy for lung nodule classification and significantly improved junior radiologists' performance by 10.9% in clinical trials. The model was trained on over 10,000 pathology-confirmed nodules and validated across 400 cases at three medical institutions.